introductionwe, thrive, age, lifestyle, slowly, being, invaded, objects, capable, becoming, aware, physical, context, simple, anymore, rather, sensing, devices, capababilities, greatly, improve, lives, variety, situations, smartphones, automatic, facial, recognition, self, driving, transitioning, constant, contact, environment, becomessmart, however, tremendous, amount, data, ourselves, owing, cloud, guarantee, privacy, protected, living, longer, futuristic, vision, security, systems, scheduled, meals, prepared, rice, cooker, coffee, maker, refrigerators, ingredients, expired, examples, typical, appliances, used, going, protection, regular, resident, instance, choices, disclosed, usually, expect, maintain, thus, openly, managing, information, advantage, study, future, digital, trust, shown, consumers, personal, hints, general, aspect, employ, scenarios, applications, reality, thesmart, homeis, particular, interest, openhab, automation, software, managesthingsfor, purpose, building, internet, paradigm, gaining, popularity, realistic, intelligent, calledthingi, basic, unit, capture, transmit, typically, node, network, remote, destination, transmission, dened, having, adversaries, intentionally, refers, toinformation, conceived, layer, aims, condentiality, integrity, authenticity, availability, resources, storage, processing, attempt, violate, properties, passive, eavesdropping, active, message, tampering, attacks, introduces, notion, reviewing, evaluating, possibly, improving, statement, terms, preservation, currently, undened, direct, sources, address, topics, desirable, overview, mechanisms, enforced, vulnerabilities, impact, adoption, moreover, project, clear, indication, actively, worked, feasible, furthermore, evidence, dene, access, control, policy, nor, implement, authorization, model, prevent, leaked, unauthorized, summarized, review, existing, web, token, based, authenticator, eclipse, smarthome, core, base, propose, usable, manage, permissions, motivation, known, breaches, signicant, economic, rm, described, goel, loss, theft, operations, possible, ocurrences, led, lack, proper, quantiable, expensive, results, occur, level, consequences, mere, user, discomfort, identity, worse, recent, possibilities, ongoing, efforts, focus, mostly, functionalities, experience, non, functional, requirements, ideally, framework, evaluate, iot, established, due, vast, differences, architectures, implementations, identify, threats, exist, complexity, surface, areas, knowing, extent, howsecureopenhab, deters, concerns, obscurity, reasonable, assets, freely, view, code, nd, hidden, reason, spared, including, concrete, hypothesis, analyzing, communication, processes, create, current, adopted, additionally, authentication, despite, limitations, contributions, main, literature, challenges, presented, chapter, detailed, finally, ne, grained, structure, divided, concepts, osgi, later, delves, briey, loosely, related, supercially, describes, detail, methodology, tokenbased, proposal, suitable, therefore, discusses, conclusions, obtained, research, backgroundthe, technical, background, recurrently, introduced, derived, various, independent, namely, computing, java, fundamental, included, quality, ability, stage, malicious, entities, considered, modeling, flaws, design, architectural, existence, actions, represent, changing, nature, technology, difcult, causing, diverse, complex, process, transport, hascondentialitywhen, guaranteed, exposed, requested, granted, although, similar, focuses, governance, sets, ensure, allowed, viewed, component, overall, weaker, assumption, condential, private, individuals, connection, revealed, involves, disclosure, improper, modications, ensuring, authorized, ofenforcingprotection, controlled, according, asaccess, execution, denition, conditions, regulated, degree, abstract, representation, computer, hardware, functions, enforce, abstraction, provided, foundation, knowledge, required, specied, establishment, itself, execute, enforcement, needed, form, credentials, signatures, encryption, rewalls, etc, tamper, proof, impossible, alter, bypassable, single, permit, rigorous, verication, methods, requesting, conrmed, veried, predened, identied, approaches, password, provides, verify, matching, digest, stored, biometric, unique, characteristics, ngerprints, geometry, retinal, iris, patterns, voiceprint, authenticationaphysicalobject, posseses, memory, electronic, mentioned, type, enclosed, called, identifying, public, avoid, illegitimate, impersonating, legitimate, ease, inherently, risks, dictionary, popular, arbitrary, spelled, correctly, artist, determine, hypertext, transfer, protocol, exchange, client, server, consists, request, response, disconnection, includesheaders, relevant, values, serving, headers, accept, encoding, theauthorizationheader, contains, authenticationinformation, within, formats, thebasicandbearerare, bearer, schema, enclose, simplyusername, colon, username, browser, automatically, prompt, encrypted, importantly, accessed, cross, site, forgery, possession, compact, contained, securely, transmitting, composed, payload, includes, claims, preserve, issuer, attached, simply, algorithm, distinct, typicalbearertoken, interprets, unambiguous, enforceable, doing, reduced, leading, understanding, depending, applied, range, reliability, usability, below, discretionary, commonly, instatiated, using, matrix, column, intersection, mandatory, regulations, mandated, central, authority, multilevel, contrast, distinguishes, indirect, accesses, role, matches, naturally, organization, attribute, given, subject, fulll, granular, usage, designed, heterogenous, continuous, revoked, capability, capbac, ticket, grant, architectureusually, secure, managed, supports, deployment, bundles, extensible, expose, internal, business, logic, runtime, dynamically, downloading, adding, removing, necessary, identier, version, running, specication, equinox, apache, felix, concierge, knopersh, reference, bounded, release, modular, class, modularization, comprised, classes, conguration, les, static, deployed, additional, manifest, packages, shared, imported, particularly, theexport, packageheader, share, import, reuse, external, thebundle, activationpolicy, informs, activated, decided, activate, otherwise, preferred, initialized, executed, stopped, intermediate, states, downloaded, added, theinstalledstate, status, toresolvedif, tostarting, theactivestate, activator, executing, printing, text, console, registering, service, removed, stoppingbefore, resolved, servlet, registrationa, extend, providing, dynamic, content, serve, pages, input, traditional, require, container, tomcat, jetty, published, descriptor, widely, theweb, xml, species, mapped, arrives, redirected, correct, xmlle, registered, respective, perform, registration, thehttp, serviceandhttp, whiteboard, http, interface, theorg, httppackage, allow, register, lters, namespace, available, servicetracker, check, revision, listeners, popularly, dont, needing, tracker, anhttpcontextobject, thehttpcontextclass, override, itshandlesecurity, exibly, connector, constrained, style, therepresentation, retrieve, update, delete, directly, translate, post, handy, creating, restful, actual, jersey, jboss, native, compatible, maintained, referred, wheresensingdevices, interact, asthings, heavily, vary, identication, infrared, sensors, global, positioning, televisions, gather, human, intervention, diversity, interoperability, common, especially, vendor, lock, obscure, transparently, communicate, themselves, local, scope, wireless, operate, asensor, gateways, whenever, athingneeds, relay, sufcient, subsequently, scalable, ofthingsin, manageable, distributed, solution, serves, medium, responsible, making, translations, receive, employed, gathered, depend, specic, categorized, grid, transportation, regardless, transmitted, considering, trivial, task, unify, naming, nding, addressed, designing, issues, proposed, alaba, et, al, development, industry, directed, performance, afterthought, nevertheless, inevitable, laws, pertaining, emphasis, incorporating, product, courtesy, legal, ethical, duty, repudiation, measures, taken, account, exception, collected, essential, safeguard, transit, classied, perception, simpler, encounter, uppermost, visible, universal, standard, dependent, assmart, healthcare, andintelligent, transportationmake, endpoints, middleware, platform, further, elaborate, electrical, distribution, operational, energy, meters, efcient, reliable, savings, reduces, costs, enhances, independence, focused, controlling, monitoring, patient, smallsensing, placed, body, captured, handled, constituted, multiple, quantity, manner, goal, offered, population, frequency, tags, actuators, location, movement, tracking, temperature, specialized, accomplish, vehicle, opening, observe, travel, routing, decisions, queue, lengths, pollutants, trafc, congestion, basis, improvement, controllers, meanwhile, instructions, handling, sending, involved, zigbee, sensory, connected, charge, awareness, mobile, scenariosdepending, intended, activities, performed, extended, domestic, isolated, resides, larger, pushed, continously, database, pervasive, expected, arise, regarding, demanded, health, ensured, clearance, questions, alien, eavesdropper, latter, bluetooth, rendering, useless, consider, counterfeits, resistance, mainly, desired, insecure, hellaoui, appropriate, authenticationensuring, authentic, peer, legitimately, tampered, achieved, asymmetric, granularity, systematic, granting, revoking, engaging, cannot, meaningfully, symmetric, exchanging, channel, establishing, events, compromised, forge, studied, demand, similarities, conventional, impede, power, lossy, whereas, robust, stricter, constraints, adopt, drastically, computational, cryptography, otherlightweightalternatives, sharing, occurrence, suffer, certainly, per, coap, importance, massive, scale, suggested, scheme, constantly, communicating, machineto, fashion, sense, undesirable, conict, inadvertedly, authenticates, unwanted, analysis, abstracted, mitigates, micro, probing, jamming, link, collision, unfairness, exhaustion, replay, meta, neglect, greed, homing, misdirection, dhillon, zhang, mention, corresponding, denial, impersonation, counterfeiting, stolen, parallel, session, bypassingunfortunately, cryptographic, solve, achievingpeer, incoming, receiving, queries, rely, infrastructure, vastly, achieve, chain, behalf, cookie, expiration, meaning, certicates, computationally, economically, oversees, purely, theoretical, candidates, openhabthe, phone, conditioner, rising, thirty, celsius, speaker, cooking, withsensingdevices, interacting, secluded, experiment, ambitious, inter, interaction, logical, modules, calledbindings, samsung, binding, developed, ecosystem, implies, ahubthat, switch, undoubtedly, turned, humidity, precipitation, probability, provider, incorporate, ironically, labeled, asintranet, thingsbecause, intranet, locally, connect, connecting, minimize, losing, limits, implemented, complement, separately, rst, recently, released, june, originally, stack, partial, ample, options, eventually, develop, simultaneously, nal, smaller, karaf, instantiates, highly, ofadd, extensions, previous, adjustments, exible, modularized, ambient, assisted, fragmented, offering, vendorincompatible, operated, abindingis, reused, loading, anevent, bus, commands, gure, adaptablesitemapscomprised, ofrules, uris, forwarded, likewise, served, custom, logging, summary, objectives, throughout, keystones, facilitate, diagram, porter, workas, growing, accordingly, community, section, perspective, integration, proprietary, thermostats, cameras, doorbells, supercial, primitives, apps, encrypt, transported, establish, amazon, google, paired, backend, touching, posession, produces, entered, successfully, authenticated, remotely, forwards, homekit, integrate, pairing, idevice, iphone, ipad, propietary, accessory, enable, mutually, anauthentication, coprocessorthat, members, enrolled, mfi, program, commercial, coprocessor, wi, fi, alliance, certication, december, valid, login, root, promptly, patched, followed, apology, openremote, ended, online, designer, panel, default, enabled, integrated, thingsboard, farming, telemetry, respect, documentation, former, administrator, congure, supported, systemthe, recognizes, laptop, tablet, congured, created, compliant, guest, varying, privilege, assigned, planned, sort, separate, assistant, python, automate, ofintranet, thingsfor, leaving, guidelines, recommendations, hosted, advice, onion, tor, sake, preserving, tool, coded, enabling, ltering, discussion, complete, strictly, relate, giving, resembles, philosophy, fully, assumed, serious, equal, standing, restricted, strive, differentiate, keeping, proles, spoong, escalable, increase, distant, mandatorily, novel, aproof, posessionauthentication, neither, overlapping, respectively, initiative, openhabas, brief, art, conducted, reviewed, countermeasures, tended, oversimplify, deviate, customer, observation, disconnect, academic, publications, tend, following, chosen, conduct, testing, secondly, agnostic, nally, participation, athingto, modify, playing, eavesdrop, outgoing, packets, moving, wireshark, tcpdump, observed, occurred, unset, internally, evident, thingopenhab, implications, differ, infeasible, sensible, entirely, evidently, attacker, gains, intercepted, obtain, router, returning, programmed, leaves, easily, obstacle, simplications, thatthere, tae, less, variations, guaranteeing, pointed, encrypting, looking, recall, written, plain, effective, affect, cc, sc, ef, com, lg, newg, lb, e[, eurl, newurl, cs, si, nr, snippet, icloud, methodrequestdevicestatusjsonis, string, thehttpsurlconnectionclass, httpsspecic, features, listening, port, originating, unrelated, installed, host, maps, netatmo, author, hinted, underlying, plainly, relevance, sufces, stress, relying, raspberry, pi, asked, exposing, standpoint, unrestricted, injection, hijacking, documented, explore, apparent, absence, recommended, satisfy, weak, ofce, myopenhab, reverse, proxy, strategy, entering, viable, securelyexposedto, alllowing, forbidding, altering, retrieving, minimized, accessible, taking, appearance, intruder, allowing, breaching, glance, restricting, subset, starting, discussed, implementing, advanced, foresight, increasingly, original, embedded, interesting, shiro, inspired, annotations, andbasicauthentication, merged, ofauthentication, portion, realm, withbasic, formusername, extract, acredentialsobject, javaannotationsin, regulate, ofadminis, forbidden, consumes, application_json, cr, thingdto, gi, sa, dh, restriction, built, bulb, ip, opposite, behavior, deal, plug, oauth, exibility, prefer, setting, attempted, rejected, normally, redirect, inject, unusable, optional, detecting, whatsoever, disable, normal, functioning, toturn, 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