introductionthe, general, goal, learning, understand, structure, data, models, understood, used, humans, thesis, using, supervised, methods, provided, input, output, previously, labeled, reason, action, algorithm, comparing, actual, given, nd, errors, further, modify, appropriately, multiclass, classication, task, classes, example, tasked, classifying, set, images, assumption, sample, assigned, class, meaning, mutually, exclusive, performing, predict, label, obtain, probability, condence, prediction, estimates, support, estimation, calibrated, having, classier, scores, directly, interpreted, membership, binary, classify, instances, predicted, value, approximately, positive, calibration, isotonic, regression, monotonic, function, exclusively, increase, decrease, free, form, constraint, tted, non, decreasing, everywhere, assume, monotonous, higher, mapped, assumed, base, logical, maintain, property, reduction, therefore, necessary, check, datasets, developing, main, focus, empirical, study, multiple, analyze, similar, compared, following, chapters, explained, measure, monotonicity, calculate, ranging, conducted, analysis, results, gathered, measuring, monotonicitybefore, original, split, training, test, contain, trained, patterns, unlabeled, evaluation, phase, tested, vector, being, addition, sum, plotted, dots, onto, standard, simplex, graph, correspond, determined, indicate, bigger, closer, represents, ranked, basis, bins, proportion, elements, corresponding, calculated, classicationfor, cannot, remaining, secondly, based, measurement, decided, rst, projected, ranking, added, comparison, enables, separated, equal, amount, percent, observing, smaller, upwards, metric, introduced, later, threshold, illustrate, highest, projecting, splitting, counted, divided, total, ignored, opposite, measured, completely, furthermore, normalized, created, ignore, normalize, sorted, resulting, observe, calculable, correct, percentile, lesser, previous, conclude, picked, below, adaboost, datasetswe, conduct, atleast, avoid, tting, reduces, impact, outliers, additional, create, million, less, features, respectively, mostly, numeric, symbolic, interestingly, popular, included, ensemble, bagging, boosting, random, aggregating, diverse, predictors, articial, neural, network, multilayer, perceptron, lessen, risk, relying, solely, obviously, omitted, due, scalability, issues, regarding, complexity, betweeno, ando, feasible, hyper, parameters, tuned, improving, accuracy, neither, necessity, insight, worse, difference, logistic, multinomial, utilizes, solve, involving, linear, discriminant, unlike, variable, independent, single, perfectly, ito, observation, ihas, outcome, naive, bayes, theorem, called, independence, presence, unrelated, decision, predictive, target, root, series, intersections, nodes, leaves, depth, refers, maximum, reaching, conjunctions, operates, constructing, multitude, outputting, mode, individual, merges, accurate, stable, habit, overtting, bootstrap, designed, improve, stability, generating, combinations, repetitions, produce, variance, allows, understanding, various, biases, adaboostadaboost, adaptive, distribution, weighting, successful, misclassied, heavier, weights, deemed, complex, require, iterations, properly, composed, neuron, layer, receive, arbitrary, hidden, computational, engine, power, ability, representation, relate, experiment, scaling, applied, standardize, range, known, normalization, vary, widely, mentioned, exception, limitations, max, limited, deliberately, lower, affected, described, obtained, analyzed, resultswe, expect, exactly, represented, visually, position, inuences, relationship, noted, adding, resulted, covering, stayed, showcase, ended, respective, converged, simples, going, affects, according, denitely, monotonicitiesmonotonicities, separately, average, per, although, wasnt, relation, reasonably, occurred, effect, appeared, certainly, include, median, actually, forgiving, seemed, rather, correlation, infer, summarythis, brief, overview, variety, deduce, somewhat, role, greater, monotonicty, belonged, comparatively, across, chosen, randomly, tuning, hyperparameters, moreover, taken, consideration, creating, research, topic, continued, ne, tune, existing, devise, nal, denitive, scale